What is the Definition of Terrorism? :: Terrorist vs Freedom Fighter

The concept of terrorism is exceedingly difficult to define. Author Gerald Seymour first said in his book Harry’s Game that, â€Å"One man’s terrorist is another man’s freedom fighter†. Each individual may view terrorism in a different light. Because of this, there is currently no universal definition of terrorism. However in recent years, it has become increasingly more important to form a definition of terrorism, especially while working in the media. The word terror dates back to the French Revolution. â€Å"A terrorist was, in its original meaning, a Jacobin who ruled France during la Terruer† (Moeller 20). Terrorism has clearly become much broader in the years since its origination. Since the concept was first birthed in France it has been used for separatist, nationalistic, political and religious ends, etc. In the book â€Å"Packaging Terrorism†, author Susan Moeller states that, â€Å"the goal of terrorism is to send a message, not to defeat the enemy†. I think this is an incredibly important concept when one is trying to define terrorism. The goal of terrorism is more about inspiring fear. Terrorists do not generally target high-up government officials, but innocent civilians like those killed in September 11. When an act of terrorism is committed, the effect spreads beyond the victim. When members of Black September killed the Israeli athletes at the 1972 Munich Olympics, there were 11 victims of the attack. Black September’s target, however, was greater than just the Israeli athletes. They inflicted a worldwide terror. When defining terrorism, one must realize that the message is often the goal of the attack. The U.S. Department of State defines terrorism as, â€Å"The calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological†. Whereas the Belgium Red Cross says that terrorism is committed â€Å"for the purpose of intimidating the population, forcing a third party to act or destablishing or destroying the fundamental structures of a country or of an international organization†.

Compare the Evidence of a Nordic Presence in the Americas

Compare the evidence of a Nordic presence in the Americas before the arrival of Columbus with the evidence of a West African presence during that period. It has been said by historians that the Nordics and the West Africans were in the Americas before Columbus arrived in 1492. Though evidence, such as oral sagas, tracing routes which it was said they took, artifacts, skeletal remains, among others, have been found to prove that they could have been present; there are still debates as to whether or not they actually came to the Americas before Columbus.Some believe that the evidence of the presence of the Nordics is more admissible than that of the West Africans. The Norse (also known as the Vikings) got their name from the language they spoke, ‘Old Norse’. They were originally from Scandinavian countries. It believed that they came to the new world for several reasons such as; the fact that it had a rich supply of salt to preserve their goods, they were explorers, the co untry they lived in, Greenland, soon became over populated and they experienced a great famine in 975. It is also believed that there was a political unrest between the cans in Northern Europe.There has been many pieces of evidence to support the theory that the Vikings were, in fact, present in the new world during the pre-columbian era. Some of the settements of the Vikings were found, still standing, such as ‘York’ and ‘Dublin’. There was not much written records on the Viking so most of their history was passed down orally through sagas, through which we first heard of their exploration into Europe and the Americas, there were two sagas which survived; these are the Greenlander’s Saga and The Saga of Erik the Red. The sagas claim that the Vikings interacted and traded with the native people that they found in the Americas.The sagas led to the finding of some substantial evidence such as the archaeological remains found in ‘Newfoundland†™ and there it was discovered that there was a Viking settlement in the town called ‘L’Anse aux Meadows’, in this town historians discovered that the Vikings did travel further south into the Americas and explored the land they spoke of in their sagas, Vinland. When they ventured further down into Vinland historians discovered butternut wood and butternuts, which were not native to the area so it is believed that the Vikings brought it there from further south (lands surrounding the Gulf of St.Lawrence). Other artifacts such as architectural structures, woodworking items, boat rivets and personal items were found in the region, which historians dated back to about AD 1000 with the use of scientific method. Another hard piece of evidence found in ‘Vinland’ was a Norse coin which was found off the coast of Maine and was dated back to between AD1065-1080 which suggests that there was interaction of these people and the indigenous peoples. This gave hi storians physical evidence that coincided with the oral sagas. All this evidence pre-dates European arrival by as early as 500 years.It is also believed that the West Africans came to the New World centuries before the arrival of Columbus. Ivan Van Sertima is one of many who argue that West Africans made contact with the new World before Columbus. According to Sertima the Africans travelled from the African coast from the north to the west and crossed the Atlantic. According to the famous Egyptian Scholar, Ibn Fadi Al-Umari, in 1342, there were two large voyages across the Atlantic Ocean, before Columbus’ voyage, both of these voyages were pioneered by one man, Mansa (king) Abubakari II. In the year 1311, Abubakari abdicated his thrown to Mansa Musa.Not a son of his son but in fact his brother. He (Abubakari) equipped 1000 of his ships with the finest men, sorcerers, physicians, sailors and navigators. Every ship had supply ship attached to it. The number of ships totalled 20 00. The other 1000 ships were loaded with foodstuffs, drugs, fruits and drinks to last his team for 2yrs. It was believed that Abubakari arrived on the other end of the Atlantic in the year 1312. Proof of the Malian expedition can be noted in the names given to places in Haiti as the Malians renamed places after themselves. Examples of such are Mandinga Port, Mandinga Bay and Sierre de Mali.It is said that the African mariners that came to the western hemisphere were looking for trade and knowledge of what lied beyond their coasts. They brought with them flora and fauna, cloth, their scientific knowledge, technology and the arts. Modern experiments have shown that the ancient African boats could have made the journey across the seas to the new world as they were strong enough. Boat builders in Central Africa’s Lake chad made a papyrus craft that was sailed from North Africa to Barbados in eastern Caribbean in 1969, there were similar journeys that showed that even the small b oats could with have survived these crossings.Some of the evidence that the West African’s were in fact present in the region before Columbus’ arrival are; the linguistic continuities in the region, an example of this is when it was recorded that the indigenous peoples referred to the Africans as ‘guanine’ which was the first piece of evidence that west Africans were in the region, it, however, was not seen as strong enough by many historians to hold up such a theory. There were no written evidence that they were there, it could be assumed that they could have been lost, or destroyed as it was seen that the Europeans were not always tolerant of these other cultures in their explorations.History has recorded some incidents where the writings of natives and precious metals and gems were destroyed (in the case of the precious metals and gems, they were used or melted down) by the Europeans when they came to the land of the natives, as they saw some of these a s pagan items. Another piece of evidence found by historians were the archaeological remains that were found, the age of these remains were dated back according to how deep the archaeologist had to dip for it.The successive layers of dirt only built up over time, so the archaeologists knew the date of the dirt layer then the date of the artifacts to the layer which was found. Additional evidence that supported the thesis that both these cultures came in contact came from clear evidence of the facial features of the images and figures, which were done using various materials such as clay, gold and copper that were found in the relics which were dug up.The images and figures found in the relics were unmistakably inspired by an African as the phenotypical and cultural characteristics were clearly of an African origin, this could be told by â€Å"†¦their colouration, the fullness of lip, prognathism, scarification, tattoo markings, beards, kinky hair, generously fleshed noses, and even in some instances, identifiable coiffures, head kerchiefs, helmets, compound earrings†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Sertima 1976). † Also, there were huge head sculptures which were discovered in the Central and South America that also had African features.Skeletal remains which belonged is believed to have belonged to Africans were found. Further evidence is seen in the religious rituals of the people in Mexico, as their gods and ceremonies are closely modelled to those of the African society. Also, the use of shells as currency rather than just symbolic items and also the botanical continuities such as the presence of species of African origin, for example; banana, jack bean, yam and others. Other evidence which came directly from the natives themselves when they explained to the Europeans that they â€Å"received an alloy called guanine’ from the Africans†, the alloy which they spoke of consisted of a mix of precious metals. It was also noted that some of the artifacts of the natives which Columbus collected, such as the cloths used by the natives closely matched the weave, colouration and style of cloths used by African communities in Guinea. An explorer, Balboa, also recorded that he came across scattered groups of people who looked very much like Africans in regions that he had ‘discovered’.This shows that the Europeans themselves came across Africans in the region. There is also the scientific evidence (oceanography) which points to the fact that the Africans were very capable of getting to the new world before Columbus, The Atlantic World’s coastline was linked to the African coastline by the ocean currents which moved between the two areas, which meant that the Africans who were seen in the Americas would not have had any problems using these ways to make their way to the new world.In both cases, as relating the presence of the Nordics and the west Africans in the western hemisphere before Columbus, the main problem is t he fact that there are not much written accounts by the people themselves, and so it is easy to call the evidence inadmissible as in the world today facts are based on what is written in the books.There is, however, more admissible evidence for the Nordics as it relates to how they got the western hemisphere as there route can be traced easily, though it is said that the Africans got to the western hemisphere using Pacific current known as the Kouro-Siwo and the Equatorial currents of the Atlantic Ocean. In both case, settlements were uncovered, and evidence of things they left behind such as flora and fauna, personal items among other things.It can be said that though there was not much written accounts of their presence, there is sufficient evidence that they had, indeed, been present in the Americas in the pre-columbian era.BIBLIOGRAPHY Africaspeaks. com Bornblackmag. org Campbell, John and Heather Cateau. History for the Caribbean in the Atlantic World. Ghanaweb. com Shepherd, V erene Liberties Lost. Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom, Worker. org

Bankruptcy Among Youth - 5014 Words

1.0 INTRODUCTION Young generation is an important asset to developing country like Malaysia since they will continue to achieve the vision and mission of Malaysia. They need to be survived and struggle in order to be useful to this country. However, Malaysian youth are becoming increasingly reckless with spending especially by the convenience offered by credit card. It is due to the desire to purchase everything that they want making them easily to involve with the loan. As the result, many youth where below than age 30 were involves with bankruptcy. According to Credit Counseling and Management Agency in New Straits Times (2011), an average of 41 Malaysians are declared bankrupt daily, with the majority failing to make repayment for car†¦show more content†¦The researcher will selects the respondents among the students of UiTMArau that have different attitude toward bankruptcy issues by distributing questionnaire and gather the information by using several related resources. 5.0 THE RELEVANCE OF THE STUDY 5.1 To the Researcher The researcher will get experience on how to deal with the real situation as they will have to develop questionnaires and distribute it to the respondent as well as further understanding on factors that contribute to the bankruptcy. 5.2 To the UiTM Perlis It can be used to increase awareness on bankruptcy among students, lecturers and staff inUiTM Perlis. 5.3 To the Faculty With this study, the collection of project paper can be added in the faculty as it is useful for future reference as well as help other students to gather information and make as references for findings from past research. 6.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 6.1 Conceptual Discussion 6.1.1 Bankruptcy Bankruptcy can be defined as someone who has officially declared that he cannot pay what he owes. In Malaysia, the minimum amount of outstanding debt amount to initiate bankruptcy is RM30 000 (Insolvency Department of Malaysia, 2012). According to BERNAMA (2010), this problem was happen due to several reasons such as becoming guarantors, failing to settle credit card payments, scholarships or education loans. Those factor have been supported by HemananthaniSivanandam (2010) which said theShow MoreRelatedBankruptcy Among Youth1748 Words   |  7 Pages1.0 Introduction Bankruptcy becoming the issues toward many youth nowadays. The worst is the bankruptcy was involves with many youth where below than age 30. According to Credit Counselling and Management Agency in New Straits Times (2011), an average of 41 Malaysians are declared bankrupt daily, with the majority failing to make repayment for car purchase loan. In short, the problem of bankruptcy among youth has to be taken seriously. 2.0 Problem Statement Statistics by the AKPK indicated thatRead MoreThe Assessment Of Yakima County1562 Words   |  7 Pages Yakima County is geographically very unique. The county is located in south central Washington State among seven neighboring counties. Its geography consists mainly of rolling foothills and fertile valleys. Agriculture is the main producer in the county’s economy and, according to the Yakima county economic profile, Yakima is the second largest county in Washington state at 2.75 million acres. Concerning health in Yakima County there are three major issues that stand out. The percentage of peopleRead MoreThe Affects of the United States Economy1195 Words   |  5 Pagesup after a sluggish 18 months (Mississippi Business Journal, p.7). Consumer spending had a tremendous grow since the recession started. One of the areas that consumers are spending their money in is the youth furniture department. According to Furniture-Today (2008), â€Å"Consumer spending for youth bedroo m furniture is expected to grow by 23.5% in the next five years, with sales to reach $6.3 billion by 2012.† In conclusion, our small and big business are starting to see the light at the end of theRead MoreEssay on Casinos1252 Words   |  6 Pagesbanks but will rarely admit that it is for gambling. They will borrow theirselves into bankruptcy. In South Dakota, the state has experienced increases in chapter seven bankruptcies. But personal debt is by far not the only problem for compulsive gamblers. In the same two years the bankruptcy increased in South Dakota, the number of divorces increased nearly 6 percent. Also, child abuse and neglect are high among the crimes that compulsive gamblers commit. A study of the impact of casino gambling onRead MoreHeathcliff Character Analysis1700 Words   |  7 Pageshim to elevate himself from humble beginnings daily the fame of a rich gentleman, however his want everyday revenge himself for Hindley’s abuse and Catherine’s betrayal leads him into a twisted life of cruelty and hatred; Catherine is day-to-dayrn among her love for Heath cliff and her desire every day be a gentlewoman, and her choice every day marry the genteel Edgar Lindailyn drags nearly all of the novel’s characters inday-to-day struggle with Heathcliff The regular emphasis on landscape in theRead MoreStudent Debt And Its Effects On Students847 Words   |  4 Pagesenormous, far larger than credit card debt. It s a trap for the rest of your life because the laws are designed so that you can t get out of it. If a business, say, gets in too much debt, it can declare bankruptcy, but individuals can almost never be relieved of student debt through bankruptcy. This compelling statement was made by American activist, linguist, journalist and philosopher, Noam Chomsky. On the topic of student debt, I realize that it is by far one of the most largest and most considerableRead MoreHuman Rights During World War I And II909 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstanding from person to another, even if they live in the same region and under the same circumstances. During world war I and II, there were enormous losses of human life and rights such as discrimination, intolerance, injustice, oppression (Youth for Human Rights International, 2001). 10,000 ye ars in the past, some slaves were an essential part in people s civilization such as Greece, Rome, Medieval Europe and West Africa. The buyers made the slaves do anything they wanted, to clean, to cookRead MoreCauses Of Homelessness1405 Words   |  6 Pagesfor people who had mental illnesses, it is such a huge challenge to get back to their normal lives. Many studies have reported that the prevalence of mental illness and cognitive disability is higher among homeless individuals compared to the general population, and the rates of mental illness among the homeless population have recently increased. In the article â€Å"Causes of homelessness prevalence: Relationship between homelessness and disability†, the author compares the causes of homelessness andRead MoreThe Great Depression and Unemployment: Discussion Questions1271 Words   |  5 Pagescountries. Among various other reasons, economists, researchers, and historians cite the Black Tuesday (October 29, 1929) as the biggest cause of the Great Depression. It was the day on which the stock market crashed. A massive number of individuals, business corporations, and banking companies had invested huge amounts in stocks. In order to survive from heavy loss, everyone hurried to sell its stocks, but there were no buyers. The banks went bankrupt and further increased panic amon g individualsRead MoreThe Rising Costs Of Formal Education1649 Words   |  7 Pages American youth have more pressure to get a good education than ever before, but at what price? The cost of education is at an all time high and rising every year. Many Americans are struggling with a large amount of student loan debt weather they graduated with a degree or not. The only way to secure the future of students today is to invest in the students themselves rather than investing their money into the corporate market. By preparing students for higher education and providing financial

The Dental Public Health Field - 1205 Words

Comparing Roles and Responsibilities Kyle Orr PUBH5050 Introduction to Dental Public Health Dr. Jaana Gold 10/9/2014 The dental public health field is broken down into many different agencies trying to work together and fix the puzzle that is public health for the nation. Within all of these different agencies you can see that there are three broad governing bodies in place: national, state, and local governments. The national body is the biggest and has the most resources at its disposable due to how large the efforts need to be. State is right in the middle and local brings out the bottom with the least resources but the most specific issues. In this paper I will discuss the differing responsibilities of the national level with the state and local levels from the prospective of the 10 essential public health services. Starting with the first public health service of monitoring. The national level of public health is extremely broad and encompasses many different organizations. Due to this the ability for specific programs to be implemented is difficult. Due to this fact the national level monitors the states, and then lets each state monitor itself. This lets the state look for specific problems and set about making programs available to address the issues. Most states have several programs in place already and then request funds from the national level to help with implementation costs. This relationship allows for more specificShow MoreRelatedThe Dental Hygiene Association ( Adha )1322 Words   |  6 Pagesand increased measures towards access to health care continue to increase. The issue being reflected is that the American Dental Hygiene Association (ADHA) recommends to change the dental hygiene educational standard for entry-level practice from an associate’s degree to a bachelor’s degree. The ADHA originally set its decision to raise t he standard in well over 80 years ago and has since made small but mighty steps towards carving out the future for dental hygiene. One of the main reasons for theRead MoreThe Dental Hygiene Profession s Code Of Ethics892 Words   |  4 PagesThe responsibility of a dental hygienist is to provide preventive care. This is done by properly cleaning the teeth with special tools and equipment, examining the mouth and taking x-rays, and educating the patient about dental care. Dental hygienists work in a multitude of settings to deliver clinical care and work under supervision. Each state endorses its own laws determining the services, dental hygienists can perform, the settings in which they can practice, and the supervision under which theyRead MoreWhy A Profession Of Dental Assisting? Essay927 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Why a profession of dental assisting? Helping others is a good feeling. 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How Absinthe Is A Alcoholic Distilled Spirit - 1340 Words

Absinthe is a highly alcoholic distilled spirit, reputed to have psychotropic qualities. In the history of liquors it holds a special place for being one of the most controversial drinks of French history. Yet it wasn’t always that way, for a period in the late 1800’s absinthe was one of the most popular liquors in the western world. Some companies at the height of its popularity produced over 30,000 liters of it a day. American Chemist T. A. Breaux has spent years researching the drink; through his research he has found that the drink originated as a medicine developed as a digestive aide in the late 1700’s (pg.2-3). The drink then rose in popularity after the 1840’s when the French government would dispense rations of the drink to its soldiers fighting in foreign campaigns as a means of purifying unclean water. These soldiers developed a taste for the drink claiming it to be the drink of a true man, due to its strong bitter taste (pg. 4-5). By the late 1870’s it became the most coveted drink, especially among artist and intellectuals who would feature the iconic drink in their works. Such as Edgar Degas famous Painting L’Absinthe or The Absinthe Drinker, painted in 1876 the painting depicts two figures of a woman and a man sitting inside a French cafà ©, Cafà © la Nouvelle-Athà ¨nes in Paris. In the painting the man dressed as a lower-middle class citizen is sitting to the right away from the viewer off the canvas drinking a French drink known to be a remedy for curing a

Nefertiti Free Essays

string(70) " which bears her symbols were located at the royal tomb at Akhenaten\." The existence of the Egyptian queen Nefertiti could be dated back to fourteenth century BCE, 18th Dynasty. Nefertiti is the chief wife of the pharaoh, Amenhotep IV and she is most well-known for her emergence in Egyptian art, particularly the prominent bust which was located in 1912 at Amarna, aside from that she is also well-known for the role she most likely played in the religious rebellion focusing on monotheistic worship of Aten. Aten, on the other hand is also a well-known Egyptian sun disk. We will write a custom essay sample on Nefertiti or any similar topic only for you Order Now Amenhotep IV made use of the name Akhenaten when he took charge of the religious rebellion which situated Aten as the main focus of their worship. Art during that period illustrates a closely knitted family relationship with the royal family. These arts are illustrated in a naturalistic, individualistic, and informal manner, and it comprises of Nefertiti, her husband and their six children. Most representations of the Egyptian queen, Nefertiti also showed her as taking an active part in the Aten cult. Approximately, fourteen years later, Nefertiti suddenly vanished from the public’s eye and Amenhotep IV was succeeded to the throne by Smenkhkhare, often depicted as his son-in-law. One speculation regarding the sudden disappearance of queen Nefertiti is that she took on a male identity and governed under the name Smenkhkhare, another hypothesis is that she was killed as a piece of the come back to the customary Egyptian religious traditions, there are however, also some speculations that she died a natural death (Akhet Egyptology, 2007). Nefertiti’s origin is very debatable in that no one knows exactly where she came from, and up to now, it is still argued over by archaeologists and historians alike. There is a probability that she is a foreign princess or the child of a former pharaoh, Amenhotep III which all opened the possibility that Amenhotep IV may not actually be the son of the pharaoh, Amenhotep III, or even that they are married in spite of the fact that Nefertiti may have been Akhentaten’s half-sister (since it is only natural and customary in Egypt to marry half-brothers and sisters). However, there are also possibilities that she is not of a noble or royal blood and that she is the child of Ay (brother of Amenhotep III’s wife). Ay, in turn, is at times referred to as â€Å"the God’s father†, therefore implying the possibility that Ay is Akhenaten’s father-in-law, although there had not been, up to this point in time, no precise references which could be used to back up this particular declaration. Mutnojme, Nefertiti’s sister, on the other hand is presented outstandingly in the adornments in Ay’s tomb, yet, one could not just deduct that Mutnojme and Nefertiti is already Ay’s daughters, since Mutnojme’s presence on Ay’s tomb alone could not be sufficient evidence of their relationship to one another. There are also some speculations of Nefertiti being an heiress, and it opens the possibility that she may be a progeny of ahmose-Nefertari, although she was never really depicted as God’s wife Amun, on the other hand, Nefertiti never claimed to be the offspring of a pharaoh, and from that one could be certain that Nefertiti is not on the direct line of descent even if it so happened that she is indeed a child of the Pharaoh Amenhotep III. Also, there are speculations that even if Nefertiti is truly an offspring of ay, it is highly probable that she is not the daughter of Ay’s chief wife, and that her mother met an early death which left her to the care of Tey. On the other hand, there are still a great deal of claims in regard to her origin which only proves how debatable her exact origin really is (Lewis, 2007). Nefertiti is most celebrated in the ancient times because of her exceptional beauty, and she is ranked, up to this point in time, among the most famous Egyptian queens. The renowned sculpture of Queen Nefertiti, which had been found in a sculptor’s workshop in Akhenaten, is considered as one of the most instantly identifiable images from Nefertiti’s time. It has diverted the excesses which could be found on the Armana artistic style, and it also endured the extensive obliteration wrought by Akhenaten’s memorials after his demise (Drake, 2007). It appears that Queen Nefertiti have taken up till now unparalleled height of magnitude in the Amarna age art. As could be seen from one of her statues in Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, Nifertiti is usually depicted making some kinds of presents or offerings to the sun god, Aten, and it is even assumed that she equaled her husband’s fame. Fact is, there are even speculations that Queen Nefertiti’s fame far surpasses that of her husband. It is even speculated that even in the ancient time, her exceptional beauty was widely renowned, and her celebrated statue (the one mentioned earlier which was found in an artists’ workshop), is not simply a renowned and most identifiable icon in all Egypt, rather, it is also a subject of a great deal of debate. In response to those who think that the only thing which made Nefertiti famous is her exceptional beauty, they ought to know that there is more to this Egyptian queen than meets the eye especially since it appears that up to this point in time, she have an unmatched rank of importance in the Amarna era in the eighteenth dynasty. In numerous work of arts, Nefertiti’s rank is obvious and it denotes that her influence may have equaled, if not surpassed, that of Amenhotep IV. For an instance, Nefertiti is represented almost twice as often as Amenhotep IV, at any rate, during the 1st five years of her husband’s period in office. Definitely, Nefertiti is once even portrayed in the traditional stance of a pharaoh cutting his adversary. As was the case with her husband, there is also no suggestion or traces of her mummy, some jewels which bears her symbols were located at the royal tomb at Akhenaten. You read "Nefertiti" in category "Essay examples" However, there is no real proof or confirmation that Nifertiti was even buried in Akhenaten. According to some existing accounts, it is probable that she fell from favor from her husband or she met her end during her husband’s time in power. In any case, it is probable that her burial had been held anywhere but Akhenaten’s. As was already mentioned earlier, Nefertiti is the chief royal wife of Amenhotep IV and they have had six offsprings (all of which are females). However, there are claims that it was in all probability, with Amnhotep’s another wife, Kiya, that he was able to father his would successors to his throne. His successors had been Smenkhkare and Tutankhamun. Aside from Kiya, Amenhotep IV have two other wives namely, Mekytaten and Ankhesenpaaten, there are even conjectures that Merytaten (possibly one of Nefertiti’s daughters) was also a wife of Amenhotep IV. Indisputably, Amenhotep IV really loved his chief wife, Nefertiti in that Nefertiti and Amenhotep IV had been always together on the first reliefs, most of which depicted the royal family in a affectionate, loving and about an almost perfect masterpieces. From time to time, the pharaoh could be seen riding with Nefertiti in a chariot or the pharaoh kissing his chief wife in public, or with Nefertiti sitting on his husband’s lap. One of the eulogies even declared Nefertiti as: â€Å"the Heiress, Great in the Palace, Fair of Face, Adorned with the Double Plumes, Mistress of Happiness, Endowed with Favors, at hearing whose voice the King rejoices, the Chief Wife of the King, his beloved, the Lady of the Two Lands, Neferneferuaten-Nefertiti, May she live for Ever and Always† (Dunn, 2005). Remarkably significant to Amenhotep IV was Femininity which was not simply essential in his personal life, but to his thoughts, philosophies, and convictions as well, as a matter of fact, it is definitely hard to find another founder of a religion on which females have had a similar functions as that of the male of the species. Amenhotep IV had a great number of women which surrounds him (this is evident by the sheer number of his wives), and they are all portrayed in nearly every appearances of a cult ritual performed by the pharaoh at his new capital as a tribute to Aten which proves that Amenhotep IV treated all of his wives in a respectful manner. Each and every one of Amenhotep IV’s wives was given their very own refuge, which were usually referred to as the sunshade temple. They were often positioned in parkland surroundings of plants as well as water pools, all of which gave emphasis to the significance of these women in the every day restitution of creation impinged on by Aten. Nevertheless it was the image of Queen Nefertiti that Amenhotep IV had fashioned on the four corners of his granite tomb and it was also Nefertiti who presented the fortification to Amenhotep IV’s mummy, a position customarily played by the Egyptian goddesses Isis, Selket, an Neith. One thing which may have greatly influenced the royal couple’s relationship was the presence of the pharaoh’s mother Tiye. It is surmised that Tiye holds an important and very exclusive role in Amenhotep IV’s court, and one could only deduce that this may have had affected the relationship of the royal couple. Tiye, as the â€Å"wise woman† of El Amarna was often portrayed in such a way which indicate her old age as well as her life experiences and wisdom which generates awe, reverence, great regard from every one (Yakutchik, 2007). One could then surmise that the wrinkles or the carvings which indicates old age in Tiye’s face also indicates her position as a â€Å"wise woman† whose wisdom she derived through her so many experiences in life. It was basically this reason why when Nefertiti’s face was also depicted in such a way which also signals old age, one could only conclude that by that time, the queen Nefertiti also attained the wisdom Tiye had through her many experiences on Earth. Most of this depictions occurred after Tiye’s death which made some conclude that Nefertiti is the successor of the â€Å"wise woman†. This in turn, brought Nefertiti’s position in court a higher status. Queen Nefertiti is probably best known for the painted limestone bust which portrays her, a large number of people regard it as one of the greatest masterpiece there is in the pre-contemporary world. This bust is at times called the Berlin bust and it had been recently subjected into a great deal of controversy. For so many years, this particular bust had been the most renowned display in Berlin’s Egyptian Museum, drawing an immense number of foreigners because of its sheer beauty and history and defying every endeavor at repatriation (Tyldesley, 1999). However, a conceptual work of art which involves the Berlin bust and the body of an inadequately dressed female incited a great deal of indignation and anger in Nefertiti’s motherland, along with the allegation that Nefertiti is no longer protected in Berlin, this particular depiction of Nefertiti in an insufficient outfit was made by Little Warsaw. This caused so much outrage, particularly in the part of the Egyptian officials for numerous reasons. One ought to take note of the fact that Egypt is a very conservative country and the putting of the queen’s head to a scantily clad figure is nothing short of an insult to the Egyptians not to mention the fact that such exhibit may cause considerable damage to the bust (Dunn, 2005). Another controversy and the more recent of the two was the probability that Nefertiti’s mummy had at last been located. Joanne Fletcher, a well-known mummification expert from the University of York, declared the likelihood that Nefertiti’s mummy may at last been discovered. Fletcher pointed out some clues in support of her claim such as the shaven head on which, according to her is needed in order for the crown to fit. However, in spite of this all there are still some debates on whether the mummy was indeed Queen Nefertiti’s or not. As could be seen, the life of the beautiful and interesting queen Nefertiti is indeed full of controversies and there is a huge probability that things would forever remain as such. One could only hope that there would come a time that a light would be shed to some interesting issues which surrounds the queen and that we would at last be able to ascertain the things which had been linked to her life as well as the issues which surrounds her decades later after her death. Works Cited Akhet Egyptology. â€Å"Nefertiti†. (2007). Drake, Nick. Nefertiti: The Book of the Dead. Harper Collins, 2007. Dunn, Jimmy. â€Å"Feature Story Queen Nefertiti.† (2005). http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/nefertiti.htm. Lewis, Jone Johnson. â€Å"Nefertiti†. (2007). http://womenhistory.about.com/mbiopage.htm. Tyldesley, Joyce A. Nefertiti: Egypt’s Sun Queen. Penguin Books Ltd; New Ed edition, 1999. Yakutchik, Maryalice. â€Å"Who Was Nefertiti?† (2007).          How to cite Nefertiti, Essay examples

Gazing into the future free essay sample

TECHY. What comes to your mind when you hear the word â€Å"Techy†? Do you think it even exist in the dictionary? According to Urban dictionary, it is someone who has a particular affinity and/or obsession with technology. We now live in a world full of technology. Technology involves the design and production of innovative and creative products to meet the needs and wants of others. Many people see technology as a solution to some of the problems that exist on our planet. It’s true that technology can be used for good, but with new developments come new challenge issues. Technology is associated with innovation. It involves the transformation of ideas into something useful. In fact, there are various breakthroughs in different fields. Technology has made our life easier with its new innovations that are making a vast change in our world. These innovations draw on a range of fields including medicine, agriculture and transportation. We will write a custom essay sample on Gazing into the future or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Modern technological inventions in the field of medicine have revolutionized the way medical practitioners check and treat their patients. Through technological breakthroughs, the world has discovered various cures and preventive vaccines and medicines for specific diseases. One of these is the anti-bleeding gel that instantly seals a wound and starts the clotting process which creates a synthetic framework that mimics the extra-cellular matrix that helps the body grow together according to an article by Landolina, Miller (2013). Also, we now have this pollen vaccine that is efficient, painless, can be self-administered and can induce both systemic and mucosal immune responses, which enhance protection. This vaccine protects against a range of infectious diseases that is more easily administered and more easily transported for deployed troops according to an article by Gill (2013). In addition, there is this magnetic levitation that creates realistic human tissue using nano-magnets that allowed lab-grown tissue to levitate above a nutrient solution according to an article by Souza (2013). New discoveries like these could vastly change the way medication can be given to humans. The enormous progress in technology is responsible for the great forward revolution in the field of agriculture. The technological advances have touched the field of agriculture. We now have various innovations in this field that helps farmers to improve their crops and grains. One of these innovations is the Telematics that is a program that allows navigation, prescription application, location and other data to be transferred easily to and from farm machinery. This system helps farmers improve efficiencies on high-priced equipment and simplify the transfer of field data such as A/B lines, spraying prescriptions and real-time yields to and from tractors, sprayers according to an article by Deere, AGCO (2013). Moreover, we have this nitrogen utilizing machine that produces the same amount of corn with less applied nitrogen or improved yield with the same amount of nitrogen. This reduces the amount of nitrogen fertilizer that is lost by farmers every year due to leaching into the air , soil and waterways according to an article by Nielsen (2013). In addition, there is this soil and crop sensor can read everything from plant health and water needs in the crop to nitrogen levels in the soil and also helps optimize water use and avoid yield loss according to an article by Adamchuk (2013). Discoveries of technological innovations have meant that there’s greater productivity and prosperity in the field of Agriculture. Advances in technology play a key role in shaping transportation systems, which in turn helps to shape our lives, landscapes, and culture. Technology has affected society and transportation in number of ways. We now have this giant inflatable airship that runs on algae – latest bio-fuel that can be developed from brackish and waste water can hover over an area for up to 7 days continuously which gives it an edge as an aerial watch dog. This airship is utilized for uses as diverse as sightseeing, carrying heavy loads, as near-space satellite for broadcasting communications, weather watch, and geophysical surveying and monitoring any untoward events like oil spills according to an article by Judd (2010). Furthermore, we have this solar boat that is provided 38,000 black photovoltaic cells and solar panels to generate power in environmentally friendly way. It is completely powered by the sun so it produces no emissions of carbon dioxide or other gases that could contaminate air samples according to an article by Jurgens (2010). As for the future, who knows what technology holds. Technology will continue to change transportation and transportation will continue to change our lives. In conclusion, the technologies available to people greatly influence how their lives are as well as people have influence on technology’s development and how it is used. New conceptual breakthroughs are invariably driven by the development of new technologies. The new technologies, in turn, inspire technologists to invent things, not sometimes because they themselves dream of having their capabilities, but many times simply because they can build them. In other words, grand conceptual inventions happen because technology has finally made them possible. However, people should take advantage of the technology advances and use it wisely in benefit to their lives. If we gaze into the future, we can see the beginnings of a whole new world of technology that the humans of yesterday couldnt even begin to imagine. In many ways, technology’s new discoveries simplify life, and have many beneficial effects to the community. References: AGCO (AgCommand and AgCommand Advanced) (September, 2013). 20 technologies changing agriculture. Retrieved from http://m.farmindustrynews.com/precision-farming/20-technologies-changing-agriculture#slide-2-field_images-45641 Bob Nielsen (September, 2013). 20 technologies changing agriculture. Retrieved from http://m.farmindustrynews.com/precision-farming/20-technologies-changing-agriculture#slide-3-field_images-45641 Captain Allan Judd (June 1, 2013). Giant Inflatable Airship Powered by Algae. Retrieved from http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/giant-inflatable-airship-powered-by-algae/ Glauco Souza (March 22, 2013). 10 Medical Technologies That Could Shape The Future. Retrieved from http://listverse.com/2013/03/22/10-medical-technologies-that-could-shape-the-future/ Harvinder Gill of Texas Tech University (March 22, 2013). 10 Medical Technologies That Could Shape The Future. Retrieved from http://listverse.com/2013/03/22/10-medical-technologies-that-could-shape-the-future/ Isaac Miller (March 22, 2013). 10 Medical Technologies That Could Shape The Future. Retrieved from http://listverse.com/2013/03/22/10-medical-technologies-that-could-shape-the-future/ Joe Landolina (March 22, 2013). 10 Medical Technologies That Could Shape The Future. Retrieved from http://listverse.com/2013/03/22/10-medical-technologies-that-could-shape-the-future/ John Deere (September, 2013). 20 technologies changing agriculture. Retrieved from http://m.farmindustrynews.com/precision-farming/20-technologies-changing-agriculture#slide-2-field_images-45641 Jorn Jurgens (March 4, 2010). World’s Largest Solar Boat Prepares for World Tour. Retrieved from http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/worlds-largest-solar-boat-world-tour/ Viacheslav Adamchuk (September, 2013). 20 technologies changing agriculture. Retrieved from http://m.farmindustrynews.com/precision-farming/20-technologies-changing-agriculture#slide-10-field_images-45641